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A commission has described the "sub-human conditions" of soldiers as a "ticking time-bomb".
The interim National Defence Service Commission - established to investigate the plight of soldiers after some ran amok during a protest outside the Union Buildings in August - yesterday said pay was so low that many soldiers were living in squatter camps.
Soldiers qualified for neither government-subsided RDP houses nor for bonds, as their salaries were too low.
Barracks were often without beds and there was a "complete breakdown of discipline" at the infantry battalion at Doornkop, Gauteng.
This is a potential hot potato The commission yesterday briefed the National Assembly's defence committee - at its own request.
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It said it had handed an "urgent interim report" to Defence Minister Lindiwe Sisulu two weeks ago on interventions to be made without delay at Doornkop and other bases.
However, commission chairman Judge Lebotsang "Ronnie" Bosielo disclosed that just days after the interim report, Sisulu had amended its terms of reference to ensure it did not recognise unions in the military.
This was after commissioners had already consulted unions with the blessing of Parliament, a move it says has helped it make swift progress with its original task of proposing an alternative mechanism to unions through which soldiers' conditions of service could be regulated.
The new terms of reference state: "It is not within the terms of the commission to investigate and consider forms of voluntary association of the military, including trade unions.
"The president, as the commander-in-chief, has, with the support of the cabinet, declared that de-unionisation of the SANDF must be accomplished as soon as possible.
"No other person has authority to countermand the president in that command.
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