London - What could be more heartening than seeing your child gleefully stockpile scoops of ice cream in their cheeks for the first time? Or more amusing than watching their little eyes nearly burst as they unwittingly suck on a lemon?
Food is one of the understated pleasures of parenting. And one of the greatest causes of despair.
Pop into the parenting section of a bookshop and you will find yourself faced with titles promising “fun ways” to get your children chomping on the right stuff. Parenting forums are stuffed with panicked messages: “I’ve tried everything. I’ve puréed! I’ve tried baby-led weaning – he won’t eat anything.”
It’s enough to drive us to drink. The cause of meal-time misery varies at dining tables. There are the food refuseniks, who clamp their mouths shut regardless of what painstakingly prepared meal is placed in front of them; and the lobbers, who half-chew food before hurling it around the room; not to mention the fusspots.
Then there are those, like my two-year-old daughter, who just won’t stop; this less-common breed, the insatiable gobbler, will devour everything put in front of them – and then everyone else’s – before shouting “yoggy, yoggy, yoggy! More, more, more!” at anyone who comes within earshot.
Of all the categories, the latter is probably the least stressful – and certainly the one that incurs the least pity from other parents, especially if your child isn’t overweight as a consequence.
But what is universally baffling to parents is the type of food that really gets kids going. Across the board, they will opt for soggy toast rather than a home-cooked meal.
So why do babies have such terrible taste?
Taste psychologist Chris Lukehurst could have the answer. He helps companies understand how and why people respond to certain foods and has just compiled a new piece of research for baby-food company Ella’s Kitchen. It promises to shed new light on what whets a child’s appetite.
“Babies are born with about 30 000 taste buds, mainly on their tongue but also on the sides and roof of their mouths and down their throats,” he explains. ”As the body changes we lose about two-thirds of them. As adults, we have about 10 000 and the vast majority are on our tongue.”
Additionally, he says, babies are much more focused on sensory experiences: “That is why a baby’s response to taste is so big and to us is apparently so extreme.”
In order to help frustrated parents understand the intense tastes our little ones experience, Ella’s Kitchen created a “unique taste experience [which] will allow you to return to infancy for one night and experience the same big flavours that babies taste when they first try new foods”.
For the first course, a cube of amplified-flavour banana, a potent mix of banana essence and pure banana, bound together with seaweed in a super-sweet, fudge-like cube.
On first taste it is like having a ton of banana sweets injected into every pore of your body. For someone with a sweet tooth, it is not hard to see why my daughter gobbles them up three at a time.
Next on the menu, an orange cube which turns out to be carrot but tastes far sweeter than any vegetable I can recall.
“We are born with innate likes and dislikes,” Lukehurst says. “It is an evolutionary thing. We need sweet, high-fat foods to grow and thrive. Also, it reminds us of breastmilk, which is comforting.”
Historically, babies who liked bitter tastes died from choking on poisonous berries, so evolution helped us adapt. Nowadays we have to work hard to enjoy these flavours; this, surprisingly perhaps, also applies to chocolate. It is the “treat” association that makes it so popular with youngsters.
As the final course – a snot-green and super-bitter substance – confirms, to a baby with three times as many taste buds as an adult, Brussels sprouts taste disgusting.
However, that doesn’t necessarily mean you should just give up.
“If you really want to understand a child’s eating behaviour, you have to stop seeing it from an adult’s point of view,” Lukehurst says.
“Children see eating from a completely different angle. For them, this is when they get the most of their parent’s attention, so it becomes a huge positive but also a huge opportunity to manipulate that attention.”
It is your job as a parent to outsmart your sprog. Primarily, by keeping a happy, positive face on the mealtime experience, even when inside you want to throttle the picky little sod.
Bear in mind, too, that for children there is no such thing as negative attention. Whatever gets them most attention is what they will continue to do.
So praise any attempts at eating and ignore fusspot food-lobbing.
“Easier said than done,” Lukehurst, a father of four, says. Mothers can help, too, by eating a variety of foods while pregnant and breastfeeding, so their babies taste different flavours while in the womb and through their mother’s milk.
A friend recalls how she cooked her toddler three meals in a row at tea time, only to have him spit each of them straight back at her.
“My grandmother would have had a heart attack,” she says.
There are no definitive answers – what pop-science dictates is best for children changes with the season. As Lukehurst puts it, “it is cyclical. What you do for your kids will be wrong by the time they have kids.”
Yet there is some wisdom in the post-war adage: “Eat what’s on your plate or go hungry.”
“If a child likes toast and knows that if he/she doesn’t eat dinner then they will get toast before bed because they can’t go to bed on an empty tummy, then what is the incentive?
“This way they are getting the attention and the toast; win-win. After all, children tend to reject unfamiliar flavours and textures on principle,” Lukehurst says, so just keep on re-presenting it until they learn to like it.
“If they don’t like something at first, then that is fine, don’t force them to eat it but leave it on their plates,” he suggests.
“The first trick is not to get them to throw it on the floor. The next is to put it in their mouth, even if they then spit it out. The final trick is to get them to eat a bit.”
MEALTIME TIPS
Relax: Your baby won’t starve, and turning mealtimes into a drama is something you need to avoid. Take time to let your baby try a bit of everything. You may not think they’ve eaten enough by the end, but offering alternatives, especially bland or sweet foods you know will “work”, is just storing up trouble for later.
Try and try again: Babies will get accustomed to flavours, even those they find unacceptable at first. If your baby won’t eat something at one meal, try again in a few days, and again until he or she gets used to it.
Share your food: Let your child try a little of what you’re eating, even if it’s different from his or her own meal. The more flavours and textures babies experience, the better – and they can take or leave it without anyone getting stressed.
Be positive: Shower your baby with positive attention at mealtimes. Give praise for eating and for trying foods, but try not to focus only on the food. – The Independent