London - Children who learn with no shoes on are more likely to behave better and obtain good grades than peers with footwear, a decade-long study has revealed.
Researchers at Bournemouth University found that pupils who leave their shoes outside the classroom are more likely to arrive at school earlier, leave later and read more widely - ultimately resulting in better academic achievement overall.
From observing thousands of children from 25 countries over 10 years, academics say they want to encourage the practice to be adopted in UK primary and secondary schools.
There are already a number of schools in England where the policy has been implemented, following on from Scandinavian habits, where the concept is considered normal.
As well as visiting schools in New Zealand and Australia for the project, researchers studied children's attainment at a school in west London after the habit was introduced, analysing the pupils' academic results all the way up through to university.
Experts found that by removing shoes, classrooms were quieter, providing a calmer atmosphere where pupils were more willing to engage in learning activities.
In Scandinavia and other northern European countries, it is common practice to leave shoes outside the classroom during bad weather, so as not to bring in slush and snow from outside.
However schools in Spain, where it is more common to wear shoes indoors, also tested out the theory and found improved learning and pupil behaviour.
Experts believe having children remove their shoes for the classroom improves their learning because it makes them relax and “feel at home”, and have called on teachers in the UK to apply similar “shoeless” policies “to give children the best possible chance of performing in their exams”.
Professor Stephen Heppell, who led the research with the Centre for Excellence in Media Practice at Bournemouth University, said: “Children are much more willing to sit on the floor and relax if they have no shoes on. The last place a child would sit to read is an upright chair and we've found that 95 percent of them actually don't read on a chair at home. When they go on holidays they read lying down.
“Having conditions in the classroom that are like those at home means that more children are reading in the classroom.”
“In shoeless schools children also arrive earlier and leave later, which translates into half an hour of extra learning a day on average.”
Wearing socks inside also means schools spend around 20 percent less on cleaning bills, according to Professor Heppel, and less money on furniture since children sit on cushions on the floor.
According to the academic, bullying in schools was also markedly reduced.
Because “everything is going in their favour”, he added, children's academic standards tend to improve too.
“The key to attainment is engagement and if children want to be there and enjoy being there, universally they do better. When they arrive late and leave early and are disengaged, their performance suffers. Kids with shoes on are less engaged than those without shoes.”
Should schools in the UK wish to introduce a no-shoe policy, Mr Heppel advises that staff including head teachers and guests should also adopt the habit.
As for smelly feet, the academic said this was not a problem - “children's shoeless feet do not smell, it is the shoes that make them smelly”.
The Independent